I Corinthians 10:20

But I say, that the things which the Gentiles sacrifice, they sacrifice to devils, and not to God: and I would not that ye should have fellowship with devils. (KJV)

Then: Paul again answers his own questions. This is the first time he actually names the Gentiles' "table partners" (translation by N. T. Wright, p. 130). The Corinthians can no longer escape Paul's reasoning. They already know that in breaking and eating the bread, they share the remembrances of Christ's death - his broken body on the cross, broken for them. Now as they normally celebrate Christ's resurrection through communion, they deny him by eating and celebrating before idols in temples (Baker, p. 148). Even though the idols themselves are not real gods, they represent an evil dimension. Paul wants the Corinthians to understand and flee from all evil. They must to maintain their salvation.

Now: Today's Christians need to understand exactly what happens during communion as much as the Corinthians needed to know. Anything sacrificed elsewhere makes an alliance outside of God's will, offends him, and tempts him to wrath. Have no fellowship with the demons of darkness.

Extra source: Cornerstone Biblical Commentary 1 Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.

1 Corinthians 10:19

What say I then? that the idol is any thing, or that which is offered in sacrifice to idols is any thing? (KJV)

Then: Questions four and five still follow after Paul's thought about the "bread," the body, during communion. Can an idol be completely ignored as nothing if it so closely and intricately relates to the gentile practice of worship? When Paul says "no," neither can the Corinthians say "no." The practice of eating definitely has meaning. The question is "Will they be so convicted that they will abandon their practice (Baker, p. 147) and only participate in the Lord's supper?"

Now: Their are instances of Satanic worship in American culture, so there are today some who must directly deal with this question and teaching as Paul originally presented it. For the most part however, sacrificing principles and performing actions which do not honor Christ is hidden from view. Like the Corinthians, though, choices need to be brought into the light, scrutinized, and evaluated. If conviction regarding dishonor to the Lord is revealed, the practices need to be abandoned.

Extra source: Cornerstone Biblical Commentary 1 Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.

1 Corinthians 10:18

Behold Israel after the flesh: are not they which eat of the sacrifices partakers of the altar? (KJV)

Then: Paul refers to the Israelites' normal practice of sacrificing offerings to the Lord. Commentators take this as a good example (not the part about their sacrificing to Baal) which then contrasts with the unworthy actions of Corinthians' offerings to the temple gods. The verse is the third of six rhetorical questions noted by Baker (p. 147). It pushes (or draws) knowledge conscious Corinthians to evaluate their own actions.

Now: When today's believers turn to the idea of bringing gifts to the altar, they are also drawn into an evaluation of their gifts - worthy or unworthy? Gifts to the Lord or thoughtlessly wasted on anther altar?

Extra source: Cornerstone Biblical Commentary 1 Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.

1 Corinthians 10:17

For we being many are one bread, and one body: for we are all partakers of that one bread (KJV)

Then: Here is the platform for the questions in verse 16. All who eat form one unit, one body, as they partake of the bread. None in the body should be simultaneously associated with worshiping in a temple. Dunn and Rogerson (p. 1335) push forward to other verses and distinguish three kinds of meals: Communion in the church, meals in Corinth's temples, and meals eaten by the Israelites. Corinthians should conclude that eating in the temples belied their belief in the Lord. Dunn and Rogerson also intimate what Dr. Magness points out in class notes. This verse is a remarkable precursor for Paul's comparison of the members of a church being members of a human body - each with distinct purposes and functions designated for the good of the whole.

Now: The church still partakes of one bread while being one body - symbolically during the time of a communion meal and actually, as members serve doing his will throughout their earthly lives.

Extra source: Eerdmans commentary on the Bible by James D. G. Dunn, John William Rogerson on line at http://books.google.com/books?id=2Vo-11umIZQC&pg=PA1353&lpg=PA1353&dq=1+Corinthians+9+commentary&source=bl&ots=5QeQaYWrMS&sig=S5F3KcA_TvNMyywqRiimySoUYtc&hl=en&ei=QqHPSouICIWj8AaZxqyABA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CBkQ6AEwBzgU#v=onepage&q=1%20Corinthians%209%20commentary&f=false

1 Corinthians 10:16

The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not the communion of the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not the communion of the body of Christ? (KJV)

Then: Baker (p. 147) has readers realize Paul is beginning a series of six rhetorical questions. Two are here. Hayes (p. 167) explains that Corinthians who realize that eating in a church communion (fellowship, friendship, and koinonia) obviously reveals a relationship with Christ, must also realize that anyone taking part in a temple meal displays a relationship with that god.

Now: The time of communion is a means of worship in the whole body, wherein individuals join together to be the body at worship. We state our alliance with the Christ, our dependence upon him, and intention to continue carrying out our obligations to him (Henry).

Extra source: Cornerstone Biblical Commentary 1 Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.
First Corinthians by Richard B. Hayes (John Knox Press, 1997) on line athttp://books.google.com/books?id=M_PC0PAs3VYC&dq=1+Corinthians+and+Richard+B.+Hays&printsec=frontcover&source=in&hl=en&ei=2oPcStDCIIvf8Aaq0Ki3BQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=11&ved=0CCMQ6AEwCg#v=onepage&q=1%20Corinthians%20and%20Richard%20B.%20Hays&f=falseCommentary on the Whole Bible (Acts to Revelation) by Matthew Henry, online see http://www.ccel.org/ccel/henry/mhc6.iCor.xi.html

1 Corinthians 10:15

I speak as to wise men; judge ye what I say (KJV)

Then: "You're smart! Figure this out yourself." Since all learning comes through interaction with material being presented, Paul tells the Corinthians to use their own powers of judgement and discernment. They need to think about what he's just said and about what's coming next. The Gentiles ate and drank during temple celebrations where they remembered their idols. Christians ate and drank during celebrations remembering Christ and his words at the last supper. If they will, the Corinthians can use their wisdom and see what they're doing wrong.

Now: What Paul says becomes so embedded in our early introduction to Christ that his comments do not seem like new revelations. We've already accepted them and base spiritual growth upon them. To go back and rethink is useful for clarity when making new decisions, but it's just peripherally interesting to note the relation of communion to eating meat offered to idols.

1 Corinthians 10:14

Wherefore, my dearly beloved, flee from idolatry (KJV)

Then: Concluding statement - the wham and the plan! The Corinthians stood periously close to violating their obedience to Christ. The only way they could escape their predicament was to flee. The seduction of thinking they were strong, able to stand just because they knew that, theoretically, there is nothing wrong with eating meat given to idols. Paul's teaching told them that constant contact with anti-Christian values and actions would seep into unwary lives. For the sake of their own souls they had to abandon eating that meat. Caring for the souls of fellow believers is a requirement for members of the church, but caring for their own souls is equally as important.

Now: Satan worship, hidden idolatry in America, is more and more open. A hundred or even two hundred years ago, it was not a major concern. With the ascendance of atheists, and the ACLU, political and social entities are working to put down, overcome and stamp out Christian strongholds. Initially, individuals need to recognize and personally flee the temptations of movies, books, games, or items displaying satanic graphics. It takes prayer to discover ways to confront, but not give ground to the enemy. Denial of the problem brings eternal harm to those caught in that underground culture. They need help to flee because they know the reality of evil spirits, but not the reality of Christ.

"A Way of Escape" - 1 Corinthians 10:13

There hath no temptation taken you but such as is common to man: but God is faithful, who will not suffer you to be tempted above that ye are able; but will with the temptation also make a way to escape, that ye may be able to bear it (KJV)

Then: Finally. An enouraging note in the middle of a list of warnings. Hayes, p. 166, brings out an incongruous situation. He points out and contrasts the commonality of sin and God's faithful forgiveness with the Corinthians' problem of worshiping other gods right alongside their worship of the one true God. He notes the big difference between man testing God and God testing man. If men purposely go to the evil, the only way out is to flee and flee instantly. If the evil came to men, God will show the way of escape. Other commentators (Baker, p. 145) look at the positive assurance this verse provides to those who always meet and bear temptation.

Now: Christians take comfort from this verse, but should not stop there. We need to study Bible principles, Bible characters and lives of other Christians to know what to do to escape. How did others do it? What's a good plan? When God makes the way, it's not a last-minute escape plan - although that sometimes works. Here is Answer Number One for idolatry: Look at the cross (as the Israelites looked at the bronze serpent on the pole see Num 21:4-9). Turn away. Run to the protection of Christ.

Extra Source: First Corinthians by Richard B. Hayes (John Knox Press, 1997) on line at http://books.google.com/books?id=M_PC0PAs3VYC&dq=1+Corinthians+and+Richard+B.+Hays&printsec=frontcover&source=in&hl=en&ei=2oPcStDCIIvf8Aaq0Ki3BQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=11&ved=0CCMQ6AEwCg#v=onepage&q=1%20Corinthians%20and%20Richard%20B.%20Hays&f=false
Cornerstone Biblical Commentary 1 Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.

1 Corinthians 10:12

Wherefore let him that thinketh he standeth take heed lest he fall (KJV)

Then: One commonly stated purpose of the church is to "afflict the comfortable and comfort the afflicted." Paul's statement here is a blunt, afflicting arrow shot into the pride of the Corinthians. The know-it-alls don't know as much as they think they do. He is concerned with individuals and the whole church collectively. Paul wants the Corinthians to stand, not fall. How many times could they eat in the temple and keep sloughing off praise given to idols? How many times would the words and actions of a liberal Corinthian be misunderstood by newcomers to the faith? Those who keep close contact with the Spirit of God will know his will, but those who eat the meat (the teachings of others) and socialize with those offering that meat to idols need to be very careful.

Now: Paul's summary statement is a principle which today's Christians must consider daily. When you make a wrong turn and want to get back on the right road, it's easier to do it immediately than drive several miles before trying to recover. We need to take heed and avoid driving down the wrong road. Better yet - Study the map and use it. Don't make wrong turns.

1 Corinthians 10:11

Now all these things happened unto them for examples: and they are written for our admonition, upon whom the ends of the world are come (KJV)

Then: Paul is a liason between knowledge of the Lord's perfect plan and people who want to see, but don't. Captured by past habits and ways of thinking, they can't move out from under the clouds to stand in the sunshine. Paul is trying to grab them and pull them over into a clear view of the Lord. Baker (p. 145) discusses the problem as a crisis in the church, a critical point at which the Corinthians have to rightly understand what is happening. Baker also believes Paul is extending hope that many Israelites escaped God's judgement. Taking heed, the Corinthians can maintain the new covenant.

Now: Like the Corinthians, today's Christians have Paul's four examples and warnings. What we don't always have is an identification of a specific problem. We need constant self-examination, listening to teachers or preachers, Bible reading, and an open heart to hear the Lord himself speak to our consciences. The danger is always great, but the Lord's presence is always near. His Spirit and promises are the everyday solutions for working out salvation.

Extra source: Cornerstone Biblical Commentary 1 Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.

1 Corinthians 10:10

Neither murmur ye, as some of them also murmured, and were destroyed of the destroyer (NIV)

Then: Matthew Henry conjectures that the Corinthians were murmuring against Paul in the same way the Israelites complained against Moses (and God). They wanted to pick out their own leaders and go back to Egypt. For sure, the Corinthians were debating who was the best teacher. Perhaps they wanted leaders who would tell them it was all right to go back and eat in the temple restaurants and not worry about weaker, fellow believers. But God's plan for the Israelites was to move them to the Promised Land. His plan for the Corinthians was to establish the churh on earth so it could lead the way to the Kingdom of Heaven. Paul had to help them understand by using the examples of the Old Testament, admonish them, and point them to the Truth.

Now: We still live in the age of the church on earth. Until the Lord returns to claim us and deliver us to the ultimate promised land, we need to continuously examine ourselves, listen to the warnings of Paul, heed the prophesy of teachers to our individual lives and to the church as a whole. Let us not murmur against each other or against the Lord. Sometimes difficult, but always possible through prayer, thanksgiving, and praise.

Extra Source: Commentary on the Whole Bible (Acts to Revelation) by Matthew Henry, online seehttp://www.ccel.org/ccel/henry/mhc6.iCor.xi.html

1 Corinthians 10:9

Neither let us tempt Christ, as some of them also tempted, and were destroyed of serpents (KJV)

Then: Example #3. He who cares the very best never neglects our spiritual growth. Would he? Just as in Numbers 21:4-9 when serpents destroyed those complaining about the food, the Lord could be tempted to let those who turned from him just slip away. "Tempting Christ." How in the world does that work? (And I thought these four examples would be quick and easy!) Idolatry is the overriding problem, so "tempting Christ" has to fit in with that term. Will eating meat tempt others to go back again, worship idols while eating? Paul says, "Yes! It will." Corinthians needed to be careful for their own souls in addition to those who followed their example. Paul is saying, "Don't go there."

Now: Unfortunately, by the fault of human nature, We all harbor an untold number of wayward offenses against the Lord in our daily lives -some intentional and some in ignorance. "The heart is deceitful." Staying faithful, staying pure and obeying the Lord's commands are the ongoing challenges for Christians. We are blessed when the Paul's of today identify and hold up warnings of the impurities in our lives. The October 19 morning devotion by Charles Spurgeon advises us bruised reeds and burning flaxes to remember the Lord's gentle care for everyone who still emits even one beam of spiritual light (as compared to light bulbs or the light of the sun). Hope remains. We are thankful for Paul. We are thankful for Christ.

1 Corinthians 10:8

Neither let us commit fornication, as some of them committed, and fell in one day three and twenty thousand (KJV)

Then: Example (or shock statement) #2 following vs 6: Another one of the warnings in Paul's list to the Corinthians. They should be careful about sexual immorality. That major problem stemming from the influence of multiple temples can keep them from the eternal presence of Christ. Paul and, evidently, other religious leaders of his time justifiably believe the Israelites took part in sexual rituals while worshiping the golden calf (Baal). Even though commentators disagree about that interpretation in Exodus 32:6 onward, Baker (p. 143) and Thiselton, (p. 735) accept it. Dunn and Rogerson (p. 1334) refer readers to Numbers 25:1-9 which is more explicit and also discusses eating and bowing before Baalpeor. Paul's concern for abandoning purity before the Lord points to God's wrath - twenty-three thousand dead in one day. Corinthians really needed to know the consequences of what they were doing.

Now: Americans were shocked at 3000 dead on 9-11 and that didn't ever relate to a judgement. There is no state religious hierarchy. Paul's warning goes to individuals who follow the Lord and look to please him. Knowing his teachings and obeying them is as important for us as it was for the Corinthians. Staying personally clean in a loose, materialistic society is difficult, but not impossible.

Extra source: Cornerstone Biblical Commentary 1 Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.
The First Epistle to the Corinthians: a commentary on the Greek text by Anthony C. Thiselton (Authentic Media, c2000) online at 717http://books.google.com/books?id=IHG_DNLpmroC&dq=1st+Corinthian+commentaries&printsec=frontcover&source=in&hl=en&ei=W9fQSpC1GILplAfHiumoCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=11&ved=0CB8Q6AEwCg#v=onepage&q=&f=false
Eerdmans commentary on the Bible by James D. G. Dunn, John William Rogerson on line at http://books.google.com/books?id=2Vo-11umIZQC&pg=PA1353&lpg=PA1353&dq=1+Corinthians+9+commentary&source=bl&ots=5QeQaYWrMS&sig=S5F3KcA_TvNMyywqRiimySoUYtc&hl=en&ei=QqHPSouICIWj8AaZxqyABA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CBkQ6AEwBzgU#v=onepage&q=1%20Corinthians%209%20commentary&f=false

1 Corinthians 10:7

Neither be ye idolaters, as were some of them; as it is written, The people sat down to eat and drink, and rose up to play (KJV)

Then: Example #1 after verse 6: Written in Exodus 32:6, verse refers to the idolaters, blessed Israelites, with split minds made a golden calf while Moses was talking to God. Paul warns the Corinthians that if the Israelites could lose their place during the trip to the Promised Land, anyone can. They are eating at the communion table and going out to play - on the wrong temple grounds.

Now: Same message - if the Israelites could go astray, so can today's believers.

1 Corinthians 10:6

Now these things were our examples, to the intent we should not lust after evil things, as they also lusted (KJV)

Then: Rather than considering "evil things" to be included in a five-part list, Thiselton (p. 731) sees this verse as an introduction to four temptations or problems (evils) Paul wants the Corinthians to beware. It is a general guideline with a specific purpose. It's purpose is exactly that - the intent, for the purpose that the Corinthians should not want, go after, desire or pursue anything obnoxious to the Lord. The next four verses are clarifiers so that the Corinthians have no excuse for not understanding.

Now: Today's believers can be just as obtuse and dense as the Corinthians. One sign on a road that there's a bridge out ahead is not enough. It sometimes takes four or five signs. Hopefully, the driver will control a wandering mind at the point where see at least one of them. And if someone sees all, then he/she may get the point. This is a serious problem. Point here: Don't do evil; don't even want to.

Extra source: The First Epistle to the Corinthians: a commentary on the Greek text by Anthony C. Thiselton (Authentic Media, c2000) online at 717http://books.google.com/books?id=IHG_DNLpmroC&dq=1st+Corinthian+commentaries&printsec=frontcover&source=in&hl=en&ei=W9fQSpC1GILplAfHiumoCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=11&ved=0CB8Q6AEwCg#v=onepage&q=&f=false

1 Corinthians 10:5

But with many of them God was not well pleased: for they were overthrown in the wilderness (KJV)

Then: It had to have been a sobering thought that the Lord who gave water to the Israelites became angry with them. At what point and in what ways could he become angry with the Corinthians? Paul is telling them, "Be careful. Don't let it happen to you. Consider your actions." Belonging to the Messiah is not a casual affair (Wright, p. 125).

Now: "Wake-up" calls are a blessing to those who receive them. Following Christ in today's hedonistic, materiarlist world can be just as confusing to us as it was to those living for Christ in Corinth. Paul's words bless us and his love for the Corinthians blessed them.

1 Corinthians 10:4

And did all drink the same spiritual drink: for they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock was Christ (KJV)

Then: As Baker (p. 142) and Wright (p. 125) explains the spiritual drink for Old Testament Israelites was the water which flowed from the rock as Moses struck it - twice. Traditions infer that the rock went with the Israelites as they travelled. As they all drank the same physical water, the Lord reassured the Israelites that he was with them. Jesus, who is the source of living water, assured Christians that he was with them. The Rock of the Old Testament is the Christ of the New (Baker, p. 143). The metaphor made good sense to the Corinthians and enforced Paul's teachings about ways to live and stay under the promise of God's love.

Now: There is no controversy or contention about today's Christ followers being part of God's plan from the time of creation. Paul's teachings were the same as those of the other apostles. Jesus is the Christ, the rock upon which all stand and the way of salvation.

Extra source: Cornerstone Biblical Commentary 1 Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.

1 Corinthian 10:3

And did all eat the same spiritual meat (KJV)

Then: This is a "Yikes!" verse. What is Paul doing? He took the Corinthians right back to the problem of eating meat associated with religious beliefs. God provided food (manna and water in the desert - bread and wine at the last supper). They had just bought into the comparison of the two baptisms, so cannot now back out of the second analogy. Baptism and Communion (Wright, p. 123). The conjunction of God's work in the Old Testament and his continued work in the New Testament (Thistleton, p. 718) is a signatory highlight of Paul's mind and of all believers. Just as the Israelites could anger the Lord by complaining about the food, the Corinthians could anger the Lord by carelessly eating at both the communion table and in idolatrous temples. Those who live in two worlds put their salvation at risk (Wright, p. 124). They may slide backwards away from Christ. If the Corinthians will just think about their fathers (verse 10:1) and the spiritual rock which provides living water, they will have the knowledge to control their behaviors and not lose their salvation.

Now: A common term today is "Sunday Christians." Usually it is applied to everyone else and never personally. If however, Paul who had such a close relationship with Christ feared losing his secure place, should not the rest of us treat our daily choices much more carefully? They may not involve temple meat, but there are 1001 ways to live a double life - and not even know it. Prayer, enlightenment, and confession need to occupy more of our day.

Extra source: The First Epistle to the Corinthians: a commentary on the Greek text by Anthony C. Thiselton (Authentic Media, c2000) online at 717http://books.google.com/books?id=IHG_DNLpmroC&dq=1st+Corinthian+commentaries&printsec=frontcover&source=in&hl=en&ei=W9fQSpC1GILplAfHiumoCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=11&ved=0CB8Q6AEwCg#v=onepage&q=&f=false

1 Corinthians 10:2

And were all baptized unto Moses in the cloud and in the sea (KJV)

Then: Jewish believers in Christ knew intuitively that they were a continuous part of God's plan and now were personally and fully blessed by the Lord's spirit through baptism (immersion). The Gentile Corinthians didn't have that connection. Paul had to make one and he does. It's a quid pro quo action. The Corinthians gave God their belief in him and his son. God gave them his promised inheritance, salvation through Christ. Being baptized is the connection. Like the Israelites following Moses, both Jews and Gentiles following Christ moved into a new promised land, a place in the Lord's kingdom (Baker, p. 142). Claimed and loved by the jealous God of Israel, the Corinthians need to ensure that all their actions keep them within the laws of Christ (Dunn and Rogerson, p.1331).

Now: Paul's idea is not seen as being new or different. Believers accept it as a fact, a solid comparison or analogy heard so many times that few take time to think about it.

Extra source: Cornerstone Biblical Commentary 1 Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.
Eerdmans commentary on the Bible by James D. G. Dunn, John William Rogerson on line at http://books.google.com/books?id=2Vo-11umIZQC&pg=PA1353&lpg=PA1353&dq=1+Corinthians+9+commentary&source=bl&ots=5QeQaYWrMS&sig=S5F3KcA_TvNMyywqRiimySoUYtc&hl=en&ei=QqHPSouICIWj8AaZxqyABA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CBkQ6AEwBzgU#v=onepage&q=1%20Corinthians%209%20commentary&f=false

1 Corinthians 10:1

Moreover, brethren, I would not that ye should be ignorant, how that all our fathers were under the cloud, and all passed through the sea (KJV)

Then: For sure the Jews already knew this story, but they may nave needed to see how it fit with Jesus' teaching. After all, it took Paul several years of study to change from a Jewish mindset to an understanding of where God was headed throughout all those years before Christ. The gentile Corinthians needed to know the same information and may have also been attracted to the "knowledge" aspect. Anything new is good. And besides, who wants to be ignorant? Although Baker (p. 137) thinks they heard it before - when Paul was actually among them. Baker also keys in to the cloud as an often present sign when things spiritual happened - the ascension and the transfiguration, for instance. Dunn and Rogerson (p.1334) explain that previously Paul's argument against eating idol meat was positively oriented and that with this verse he's heading to the negative. So there's "method," just not easy to recognize.

Now: Fairly often people who know the Bible stories lack the ability to recognize their teaching points. It takes someone else to stand back and say, "Hey your problem is exactly the same as 'so and so.' Remember what he/she did?" Believers today need Christian friends and teachers to do for them what Paul does here. They need to listen, not just think that guy is going off on a tangent with unrelated, out-of-the-box stories. We all need "Paul's" in our lives.

Extra source: Cornerstone Biblical Commentary 1 Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.Eerdmans commentary on the Bible By James D. G. Dunn, John William Rogerson on line at http://books.google.com/books?id=2Vo-11umIZQC&pg=PA1353&lpg=PA1353&dq=1+Corinthians+9+commentary&source=bl&ots=5QeQaYWrMS&sig=S5F3KcA_TvNMyywqRiimySoUYtc&hl=en&ei=QqHPSouICIWj8AaZxqyABA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CBkQ6AEwBzgU#v=onepage&q=1%20Corinthians%209%20commentary&f=false
Additional source note: The on-line advertised book First Corinthians: A commentary for today does not say if it covers any information after Chapter 8. The Contents section is abbreviated in the Google Book previews. Book is probably helpful. It does have self-study questions. On-line evaluation here: http://books.google.com/books?id=cKpy9maLuiQC&pg=PA15&lpg=PA15&dq=Corinthians+then+and+now&source=bl&ots=ZdIs9pRvsC&sig=ZMrn7l18_-IoMfNxStR3P0RynXs&hl=en&ei=lG7QSqvcB5PGlAewrNCoCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CBoQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=Corinthians%20then%20and%20now&f=false

Interim

Then and Now:
The whole letter looks disjointed of you go slowly through it and now suddently see Paul's jump to an Old Testament story of Israelites leaving Egypt. Where's the topic glue holding it together? One of the commentators (I may find the reference again later) mentioned the "nows."
Chapter 7: Now concerning what you wrote me about;
Chapter 7:25: Now concerning virgins;
Chapter 8: Now concerning idol food;
Chapter 11: Now I praise you;
Chapter 11:17 Now I do not praise you;
Chapter 12: Now concerning spiritual gifts.

Those "nows" are topic jumps but chapter ten doesn't do a "now." Chapter ten must be a "Get-your-head-straight" teaching interlude.

1 Corinthians 9:27

But I keep under my body, and bring it into subjection: lest that by any means, when I have preached to others, I myself should be a castaway (KJV)

Then: Wright (p. 120) and Baker (129, 136) both describe Paul's service in terms of boxing because the vocabulary in this verse and in 9:26 come from the Corinthian world of boxing. The intent is clear. Paul does not want his work to bring others to know Christ, yet find that somehow in the end, he himself failed. Wright also discusses the support some have for the ideas of ascetism. Nothing here though concludes that the body and providing for its comforts is a bad thing. Wright summarizes that all Paul does is find ways for the body to glorify God as he looks forward to heaven and the resurrection. The warning about not being qualified to finish the race is picked up by Dunn and Rogerson (p. 1334). They discussed the verse as being a precursor also. Paul was indirectly warning Corinthians about the possibility of their leaving the knowledge of Christ and slipping back into idolatry.

Now: God (likewise Paul) so knows the deceitful hearts of men that warnings concerning pride will always be needed. Speaking in plain language Paul personalizes the possibility to his own life. As others listen, he hopes they can see that if it is true of him, it can be true of them.

Extra source: Cornerstone Biblical Commentary 1 Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.
Eerdmans commentary on the Bible By James D. G. Dunn, John William Rogerson on line at http://books.google.com/books?id=2Vo-11umIZQC&pg=PA1353&lpg=PA1353&dq=1+Corinthians+9+commentary&source=bl&ots=5QeQaYWrMS&sig=S5F3KcA_TvNMyywqRiimySoUYtc&hl=en&ei=QqHPSouICIWj8AaZxqyABA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CBkQ6AEwBzgU#v=onepage&q=1%20Corinthians%209%20commentary&f=false

1 Corinthians 9:26

I therefore so run, not as uncertainly; so fight I, not as one that beateth the air (KJV)

Then: The Corinthians who attended the Isthmian games lived in a time of individual, not team, competitions (Baker, p. 136). Avid fans could pick out which athletes were serious and which ones were just marking time. Paul locks into that knowledge to describe his own work for the Lord. He had his mind made up, knew what he had to do to be successful, and didn't just pretend to follow the Lord with "for-show" motions.

Now: The desire to win is strong in almost every individual. When channeled into the service of the Lord, results can be astounding. That's why many look at the work of Paul and wonder how can it be duplicated in today's world. Paul does not hide his strategy and beliefs. Those who emulate him can be just as fruitful in the Lord's work.

Extra source: Cornerstone Biblical Commentary 1Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.

1 Corinthians 9:25

And every man that striveth for the mastery is temperate in all things. Now they do it to obtain a corruptible crown; but we an incorruptible (KJV)

Then: Paul has finally reached the point of his argument. Every man determined to follow Christ must also determine to be temperate, not self-indulgent. Self-discipline is a major requirement for any goal and that includes running a spiritual race to become like Christ. What's even better, the crown received is eternal. It doesn't sit on a shelf and gather dust (Wright, p. 120).

Now: Application then is exactly the same as application today. Everyone admires the winners, but do not notice the long hours of self-discipline required to train. If today's Christians want to be spiritual winners and attain that incorruptible crown, they need Paul's advice that self-disciplined, on-going training is necessary.

1 Corinthians 9:24

Know ye not that they which run in a race run all, but one receiveth the prize? So run, that ye may obtain (KJV)

Then: There is difficulty in figuring this verse out on the basis that all cannot win in a race, especially since Paul's statement here is run to win. Wright uses an analogy of fake boxing (p. 118). Henry seems to assume the unstated that all who run will recieve a prize - actually The Prize. In any case, the verse aptly sets up an athletic parallel since Corinth hosted Isthmian games every two years.

Now: Athletics grab the interest of many throughout the US and other nations. The comparison is still worthy. Those who take part in community marathons value knowing their total time and how they placed. The subject will always attract attention to the gospel message.

1 Corinthians 9:23

And this I do for the gospel's sake, that I might be partaker thereof with you (KJV)

Then: Paul takes the approach in order to have the Corinthians and others reading the letter join him in eternal salvation. Wright (p. 117) points back to verse 22 which carries forward to "for the gospel's sake." For the gospel Paul cares not for his rights or his freedoms. He will deny himself so that the message, the knowledge and presence of Christ, harvests souls for the kingdom.

Now: Some are critical of the approach. An example in today's world is found on the Answering Islam web site. Some Muslims say that "becoming all things" means adapting deceptive practices for the sake of spreading the salvation message. The on-site answer is that Paul wanted to display deep-felt empathy for those needing ministry. Not hypocritical, he needed to understand the specific group of not-yet Christians. Being prepared to answer such criticism is essential to today's global mission efforts.

Extra source: "I Corinthians 9 and the Charge of Christian Missionary Deception" on line at http://www.answering-islam.org/BibleCom/1cor9_19-23.html

1 Corinthians 9:22

To the weak became I as weak, that I might gain the weak: I am made all things to all men, that I might by all means save some (KJV)

Then: This is the third in the series of ways which Paul would turn from personal freedom and become a servant (slave) for Christ. In it he reiterates his purpose - salvation of the souls of at least some. His listeners remember the earlier teaching about not eating meat offered to idols for the sake of those with weak consciences. Baker (p.136), however, says that even though the Corinthians would remember Paul's previous discussion, here weakness refers to those who still do not know Christ. The verse is a summary statement about those, Jews and Gentiles, who still have roadblocks to knowing the Lord.

Now: Paul puts today's Christians to shame with his Type A personality conviction, intent, and actions. We are told to work and we may want to, but we do not reach forward to the mark of that high calling.

Extra source: Cornerstone Biblical Commentary 1Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.

1 Corinthians 9:21

To them that are without law, as without law, (being not without law to God, but under the law to Christ,) that I might gain them that are without law (KJV)

Then: Paul became lawless to those who were not under the Jewish law - the Gentiles (because everyone is under the laws of a state or nation). Again his purpose was to gain them for Christ.

Now: Even though Paul went to the Gentiles, he would never and could never have dishonored Christ by breaking a law which was crucial to maintaining his credibility as a follower of Lord (ten commandments). He would not go into the gang cultures, steal and do drugs. Our service as a slave to Christ has to be intentional and practical as it exemplifies his love.

1 Corinthians 9:20

And unto the Jews I became as a Jew, that I might gain the Jews; to them that are under the law, as under the law, that I might gain them that are under the law (KJV)

Then: How could a Roman citizen who looked free, be a slave? The Corinthians needed Paul's explanation. When he worked with the Jews he submitted to all the Jewish laws of the Old Testament. But he did it for a purpose - that of winning them to Christ. This is the first example of ways Paul worked as a slave (Wright, p. 115).

Now: The statement "When in Rome do as the Romans" applies here. Even though secular, it shows the wisdom of getting to know people where they are by showing respect to the salient points of their culture and behaviors.

1 Corinthians 9:19

For though I be free from all men, yet have I made myself servant unto all, that I might gain the more (KJV)

Then: With this verse Paul explains he is not a free man. He belongs to Christ and is a servant to all (Baker, p. 134). That goes back to the image presented by Wright of a Roman triumphal parade in which the Christians, followers of Christ, are yoked together at the end, not standing free at the beginning.

Now: Freedom in Christ, to serve him, comes with Christ's statement that his yoke is easy. Our life, whether in the ministry or not, requires us to be his servant, yoked to him, and being purposefully dedicated to living under his laws and direction.

Extra source: Cornerstone Biblical Commentary 1Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.

1 Corinthians 9:18

What is my reward then? Verily that, when I preach the gospel, I may make the gospel of Christ without charge, that I abuse not my power in the gospel (KJV)

Then: Corinthians understand what he is saying about his reward, that it is the preaching of the gospel itself and he delights in the spiritual harvest. The final phrase here is another caveat that follows from his not taking money. The negative action ensures that he is not abusing the power. The only one expecting his services is Christ (Fee, p. 415). Baker marks two things. Paul is asserting the right not to be paid, and he could boast in the Lord that was the one quality about his work in which he could take pride. It was a Paul thing; not a ministry prescription.

Now: The abuse of power in preaching the gospel is usually cited in another realm - that of radio and tv broadcasting. Many scoffers expect scandals and misuse of the those with a powerful tv presence or personality. When proved true for one, they say it is true for all. Dobson's approach is that of being accountable to a board. That answer works for him, but everyone needs some method by which the ministry stays sensitive to even inadvertent abuse of the gospel.

Extra source: Cornerstone Biblical Commentary 1Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.
The First Epistle to the Corinthians by Gordon D. Fee (Eerdman's 1987) online at http://books.google.com/books?id=XlBp10nUTXAC&dq=Gordon+Fee+Bible+commentator&printsec=frontcover&source=in&hl=en&ei=SwLNSu3nA4v6Mf2XlDo&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=12#v=onepage&q=&f=false

1 Corinthians 9:17

For if I do this thing willingly, I have a reward: but if against my will, a dispensation of the gospel is committed unto me (KJV)

Then: Paul has spent so much time giving the reasons for deserving pay, he needs to fully explain his reasons not to take it. Corinthians need to know that his willing attitude to serve freely is in itself a reward from God. Baker (p. 127) explains that the Greek uses one single word to mean "willingly" and another single word to be its antonym. Henry's comments give readers the word "stewardship" as a way to think about "dispensation." Paul's task is to dispense the gospel in accordance with the trust given him by Christ.

Now: Paul's example of serving for free has to be a point of consideration for all believers. Conditions and circumstances vary. What each needs is his/her own conversation and calling. The contract between God and the worker comes individually and should not be an argumentative point for those outside the contract. Only God can judge his servants.

Extra source: Cornerstone Biblical Commentary 1Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.Commentary on the Whole Bible Acts to Revelation Vol VI by Matthew Henry online at http://www.ccel.org/ccel/henry/mhc6.iCor.x.html

1 Corinthians 9:16

For though I preach the gospel, I have nothing to glory of: for necessity is laid upon me; yea, woe is unto me, if I preach not the gospel! (KJV)

Then: Wright (p. 111) summarizes three reasons Paul accepts no pay: be an example for others; clarify difference between a travelling sophist philosopher and the apostles' higher call; and being set free by Christ, he was internally obligated to tell others the message of God's love. He had to do it as his response to what Christ had done for him. Paul's listing of reasons why he deserved pay and then his list as to why he didn't take pay were bound to get attention. The dichotomy would cause wonder and require consideration.

Now: Few find ways to serve the Lord and do it for free. At the same time, the need to support workers for Christ and the church itself becomes a slam against church attendance - "They always want money." Yet no one attends concerts, educational lectures, athletic events, or even some political rallies without expecting to pay first. Wright sees another problem in the mix-up between what the church sees and does - makes rules exceptions, makes exceptions rules. The problem comes in the mix of bringing in, then rooting out the cultural expectations of non-believers. First invited to hear the message for free, why should the hearing not continue to be free? (They need Paul's explanations.)

Corinthians 9:15

But I have used none of these things: neither have I written these things, that it should be so done unto me: for it were better for me to die, than that any man should make my glorying void (KJV)

Then: It was Paul's personal pride to be able to teach the gospel free of charge - in the same way that Christ taught it (Baker, p. 134). Henry describes it as a glory and a joy which he valued more highly than rights or even his life. All the while Paul writes he has in mind his next purpose. Similarly, Paul's readers should always be understanding his thought processes and looking forward to his next teaching point. In this case it is to come back to the teachings about eating meat offered to idols (Baker, p. 134).

Now: Today's believers and readers of the letter need to be as salient about Paul's teachings as the Corinthians eventually were .

Extra source: Cornerstone Biblical Commentary 1Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.
Commentary on the Whole Bible Acts to Revelation Vol VI by Matthew Henry online at http://www.ccel.org/ccel/henry/mhc6.iCor.x.html

1 Corinthians 9:14

Even so hath the Lord ordained that they which preach the gospel should live of the gospel (KJV)

Then: Nothing left to chance. Paul just states the conclusion. There can be no doubt what the Corinthians should believe about their responsibility in paying apostles. Baker (p. 133) calls this the ultimate argument - the teaching of Christ himself when he sent out 72 followers without purses or extra clothing. Their needs would be supplied by those who received the Word.

Now: "The Bible says" are the halycon words for believers in Christ. Understanding the Lord's teachings is the desire and goal of all followers. To teach as Paul taught means always giving priority to Christ's statements.

Extra Source: Cornerstone Biblical Commentary 1 Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.

1 Corinthians 9:13

Do ye not know that they which minister about holy things live of the things of the temple? and they which wait at the altar are partakers with the altar? (KJV)

Then: Paul's question compares the normal set-up of Jewish leaders being supported in the temple with the work of apostles for Christ. If Israelite priensts received tithes and sacrifices, should not the same practice be followed in the churches - Corinth included? Paul believes it should. Fee (p. 411-412) sees the verse as an interruption or introduction to Paul's final thoughts, verse 12, when he suddenly justifies himself with two more reasons. He uses two analogies that are much closer to Jewish religious practices. Both the Levites and the priests eat the temple sacrifices and use the money given in offering.

Now: Paul's reasoning set the on-going policy throughout the centuries for the way pastors and church leaders are paid; but for the most part, ministers do not follow his example of getting second jobs just to be in ministry.

Extra source: The First Epistle to the Corinthians by Gordon D. Fee (Eerdman's 1987) online at http://books.google.com/books?id=XlBp10nUTXAC&dq=Gordon+Fee+Bible+commentator&printsec=frontcover&source=in&hl=en&ei=SwLNSu3nA4v6Mf2XlDo&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=12#v=onepage&q=&f=false

1 Corinthians 9:12

If others be partakers of this power over you, are not we rather? Nevertheless we have not used this power; but suffer all things, lest we should hinder the gospel of Christ (KJV)

Then: After establishing his right to being paid, Paul states he purposefully does not claim the right because he does not want to interfere in the work of the gospel. That is an unusual twist and difficult for others to understand. Robertson and Plummer postulate that the Jews might think Paul was preaching only for the sake of what he could get out of it. A different source (cannot find it) stated that the Jews feared the apostles were causing a loss of revenue flow into the temple. Paul had to be able to step back and say he received nothing for his work as an apostle.

Now: Paul's example of taking nothing sets a standard of pastoral poverty in the minds of some church boards and members. People like Mother Teresa are admired, but few want to emulate her lifestyle. The politics of who gets money for what, who gives the most money, and who should have control of ministerial salaries can be just as messy as in the first century. As Christ said, "The love of money...."

Extra source: A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the First Epistle of St. Paul to the Corinthians by Archibald Robertson and Alfred Plummer (Charles Scribner Sons, 1911) online at http://www.archive.org/stream/stpaulcommentary00robeuoft/stpaulcommentary00robeuoft_djvu.txt *When I rediscover the missing source, I'll post it.

1 Corinthians 9:11

If we have sown unto you spiritual things, is it a great thing if we shall reap your carnal things? (KJV)

Then: The first of four more rhetorical questions links material and spiritual concerns. There is no difference in the work sown for spiritual harvests as that for physical harvests. The apostles still need to eat and live by reaping physical support from the harvest. Fee (p. 409) calls it a reciprocal interpretation. The Corinthians received spiritual benefits to live spiritually; the apostles deserve physical benefits to live physically.

Now: Both the principle and the teaching technique of asking rhetorical questions are still useful today.

Extra source: The First Epistle to the Corinthians by Gordon D. Fee (Eerdman's 1987) online at http://books.google.com/books?id=XlBp10nUTXAC&dq=Gordon+Fee+Bible+commentator&printsec=frontcover&source=in&hl=en&ei=SwLNSu3nA4v6Mf2XlDo&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=12#v=onepage&q=&f=false

1 Corinthians 9:10

Or saith he it altogether for our sakes? For our sakes, no doubt, this is written: that he that ploweth should plow in hope; and that he that thresheth in hope should be partaker of his hope. (KJV)

Then: In a continuation of the application from verse 9, Paul adds that the farmer who plows and threshes does so with the hope of enjoying a great harvest. Fee (p. 409)adds that the expectation of harvest applies to the apostles' expectation and right of receipt of material reward from their work.

Now: Baker (p. 132) - The truth of scripture continues to speak across the ages to new situations and new cultures. Paul's genius is that he could do that in the first century.

Extra source: The First Epistle to the Corinthians by Gordon D. Fee (Eerdman's 1987) online http://books.google.com/books?id=XlBp10nUTXAC&dq=Gordon+Fee+Bible+commentator&printsec=frontcover&source=in&hl=en&ei=SwLNSu3nA4v6Mf2XlDo&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=12#v=onepage&q=&f=falseCornerstone Biblical Commentary 1Corinthians (William Baker), 2 Corinthians (Ralph Martin & Carl Toney), ed. by Philip Comfort. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, c2006.

"Don't muzzle the ox" 1 Corinthians 9:9

For it is written in the law of Moses, thou shalt not muzzle the mouth of the ox that treadeth out the corn. Doth God take care for oxen? (KJV)

Then: There's a double-whammy here. (1) Even the law teaches that a laborer is worthy of being paid (allowed to eat). (2) The law moves into the law of nature, the animal kingdom, showing that God himself cares for them by ensuring they have food to eat. Further, men who take animals from the wild and use them must be sure they have food for sustenance. The original law is in Dueteronomy 25:4. Fee (p. 408) asserts that Paul uses the law because of its principle and is not at all interested in the literal content, only its application. That is reasonable.

Now: There are an infinite number of regulations and laws to ensure that no one takes advantage of laborers. Some even apply to ministers.

Extra source: The First Epistle to the Corinthians by Gordon D. Fee (Eerdman's 1987) online http://books.google.com/books?id=XlBp10nUTXAC&dq=Gordon+Fee+Bible+commentator&printsec=frontcover&source=in&hl=en&ei=SwLNSu3nA4v6Mf2XlDo&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=12#v=onepage&q=&f=false

1 Corinthians 9:8

Say I these things as a man? or saith not the law the same also? (KJV)

Then: Believing that he still needed to reinforce the point, Paul directed information about the Jewish law (knowledge) towards the Jews and towards those who admire knowledge. The verse is transitional.

Now: Drawing on many avenues of support - including everyday experience and the law - to support rhetorical points is good argument procedure. Choosing points which connect to the knowledge of a particular audience is a smart way to present and defend beliefs.

1 Corinthians 9:7

Who goeth a warfare any time at his own charges? who planteth a vineyard, and eateth not of the fruit thereof? or who feedeth a flock, and eateth not of the milk of the flock? (KJV)

Then: Paul continued explaining that everybody expected and deserved to be paid (receive food and sustenance from) for their work. Robertson and Plummer (under IX, 7) note the soldier worked for pay, the vine planter was a small business owner, and the shepherd worked as a slave. Congregational members at Corinth surely had more prestigious work, but would understand the principle.

Now: Members of church congregations expect and receive pay for their work. The principle is the same for ministers and staff. They deserve payment no matter their occupation.

Extra source: A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the First Epistle of St. Paul to the Corinthians by Archibald Robertson and Alfred Plummer (Charles Scribner Sons, 1911) online at http://www.archive.org/stream/stpaulcommentary00robeuoft/stpaulcommentary00robeuoft_djvu.txt